Ancient
Observatories
Gaocheng
This site was established in 1279 AD by the
famous astronomer Guo Shoujing. It is the oldest of 27
ancient observatories in China. Built with bricks and
stone, the building has two parts, the platform and the
stone Chinese sundial.
Ancient Chinese astronomers brooded over solar eclipses and
sunspots to divine future events for The Emperor. Observatories
were the launching pads for exploring the mystical ties between
the mundane and the cosmic.
Location: About eight miles from Dengfeng -
China
Latitude: 34° 30' N
Longitude: 113° 6' East
Alignment: It was designed originally for
use in predicting the time of the solstice each year.
Astronomers at the site were able to calculate the actual
length of the year to 365.2425 days some 300 years before
Europeans managed to develop the Gregorian
calendar.
Construction: Established in 1279 AD by the
famous astronomer Guo Shoujing. It is the oldest of 27 ancient
observatories in China. Built with bricks and stone, the
building has two parts, the platform and the stone Chinese
sundial. On the 28 foot high platform, there are two small
cottages on each side. To the north of the platform is an entry
and exit, which are symmetrically arranged. Linking the entry
and exit to the platform are stairs and pathways. Between the
two pathways is the 93 foot long stone Chinese sundial, which
was paved by 36 slates.
According to historical records, a total of 27 observatories
were built in the Yuan Dynasty but only the one in Dengfeng is
known to have survived. Gaocheng Observatory is the oldest
facility of its kind in China. The observatory dates to the
early portion of the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368
AD).
by: Courtesy of
NASA
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Source:
http://sunearthday.nasa.gov/2005/locations/gaocheng.htm
Photo: ChinaCulture.org
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